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Mars Desert Research Station - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia. The Mars Society's Mars Desert Research Station.
The Mars Desert Research Station (MDRS) is the second of four planned simulated Mars surface exploration habitats (or Mars Analogue Research Stations) owned and operated by the Mars Society. Built in the western United States in the early 2. Besides a large building that serves as the center of activities, the complex includes a greenhouse, an observatory, and assorted open areas. Background. It was shipped to the UK in the mid 2. N6. 5. Although much warmer than Mars, the desert location was selected because of its Mars- like terrain and appearance.
From the moment they arrive at MDRS, crews enter a . Crew members must wear an analogue space suit simulator or a .
Complete analogue space suit simulators include a helmet, jumpsuit, boots, gaithers, gloves, an air supply pack, Platypus water pack, and a radio. Hand held radios mounted on the suits' helmets (with externally mounted push to talk switches) are used to communicate with Habitat communication base (Hab- com) and with fellow analogue Mars surface explorers on the same EVA. For safety reasons, there is always one crew member in the HAB to act as Hab- Com in case anything goes wrong on the extra- vehicular activity (EVA). In the event that crew's vehicles break down or one of their members becomes injured in the field, being able to communicate with the HAB is crucial to protect the safety of the people partaking in the analogue Mars surface exploration simulation mission. Destinations for EVAs can be chosen from an established waypoint database and traveled to either on foot or by ATV. MDRS is owned and operated by The Mars Society, which selects the crews and handles most of the administrative tasks. The Mars Society is an international, non- profit organization, with chapters worldwide, that is dedicated to convincing governments and the public of the benefits of Mars exploration.
They accomplish this goal through various projects such as M. A. R. S., the Mars Analogue Pressurized Rover Competition, and the ARCHIMEDES Mars balloon mission. Students interested in participating in the project receive a $5. Spaceward Bound Program run out of NASA Ames Research Center.
By providing students and teachers the opportunity get involved in projects like MDRS, Spaceward Bound gives participants valuable first- hand scientific experience. A Local Manager has been hired to take care of some of the maintenance and support services. Research. The majority of the biological studies carried out involve extremophiles, or organisms that are capable of living in extreme environments. Bacteria and algae isolated from the surrounding desert are common subjects of study.
These microorganisms have been studied for their DNA, diversity and the environments they live in. For example, in a study for methanogens researchers studied soil and vapour samples from five different desert environments in Utah, Idaho and California in the United States, and in Canada and Chile. Of these, five soil samples and three vapour samples from the vicinity of the MDRS were found to have signs of viable methanogens. These species of bacteria are capable of living inside rocks and obtaining the energy they need by photosynthesizing using the light that penetrates the rocks.
These extreme organisms are a popular subject of research at MDRS for both geologists and biologists. The field season ends in the northern spring since the summer heat of the desert is not conducive to a pleasant simulation. Crews pay all of their own transportation expenses to get to and from the designated assembly place from where they are transported to and from MDRS. As Volunteers, the Crews are not paid for their participation in a crew rotation at the station, but do get valuable experience. The crews usually consist of a mix of astronomers, physicists, biologists, geologists, engineers and the occasional journalist.
Each crew member is usually assigned a role: Commander, Executive Officer (Ex. O), Health and Safety Officer (HSO), Crew Biologist, Crew Geologist or Chief Engineer. The Crew Commander is ultimately responsible for the entire crew and operations. Their other responsibilities include maintaining a structured stream of information from the crew to Mission Support, establishing the agenda for each day (EVAs, maintenance, cooking, cleaning, etc.) and holding morning and evening meetings with all crew members. The Executive Officer's duty is to act as the second in command during the mission and to act as the Commander in the event that the Commander is incapacitated or unavailable.
The Crew Geologist and the Crew Biologist work together to establish and accomplish the science goals of the mission. The Crew Geologist and Crew Biologist are in charge of developing the geology and biology goals for the mission, planning field EVAs and subsequent laboratory work to achieve those goals. Both the Crew Geologist and Crew Biologist work with the Remote Science Team (RST) during all stages of the mission. The Chief Engineer is responsible for maintaining all systems necessary for routine Hab operations. These include the power, water, ATV and Green. Hab systems. On the first floor there are two simulated airlocks, a shower and toilet, an EVA Preparation room for storage and maintenance of the simulated space suits and their associated equipment, and a combined science lab and engineering work area.
The laboratory is shared between the Crew Geologist and the Crew Biologist and includes an autoclave, analytical balance, microscope, and a stock of chemicals and reagents for conducting biochemical tests. On the second floor are six very small private crew staterooms with bunks and a small reading desk, a common dining and entertainment area, a dedicated communications station and a galley or kitchen equipped with a gas stove, refrigerator, microwave, oven and a sink for meal preparations. Above the six crew staterooms is a Loft which contains the internal fresh water storage tank and equipment storage space. At the peak of the HAB's dome shaped roof is an access hatch to permit maintenance access to the satellite antenna and weather monitoring instruments. Power is supplied by 1.
HAB which can provide electrical power for up to twelve hours. In addition to the batteries are two 5 kilowatts (6. Power from the generators is channeled through a Xantrex inverter, which sends the power either to the battery banks to recharge them or via a panel with 1. HAB electrical distribution system. Water is supplied to the HAB via a potable water tank located 1. Engineering Support Equipment Area.
The tank is a plastic storage container with a 4. U. S.- gallon (1,7. L; 3. 70 imp gal) capacity (8 days worth of water at 6 U. S. Water must be manually carried or pumped via a hose from the potable water tank to the HAB's internal tank, which holds about 6. U. S. The water is then gravity fed into a pressure pump that distributes the fresh water to the rest of the HAB, including a water heater.
The water used to flush toilet is greywater. This is waste water that has run down the sink and shower drains in the HAB and then through the greywater system out of the Green. Hab. Water is rationed and monitored to minimize inefficiency and waste in the system. The HAB is also equipped with an internet connection and several web cams so that the public can view the ongoing mission. This cylindrical building lies on its side and measures about 5 metres (1. The Green. Hab was destroyed by fire in December 2. Waste water flows from the sinks and shower drains into a straining tank, located outside the Green.
Hab, where grease and other sediments are strained out. Then it flows into another tank until it can be pumped into the Green.
Hab. In the Green. Hab, the water is pumped through a filtering barrel, where aerobic bacteria break down contaminants in the water. The water is then split into five different tanks where denitrification occurs. During this process, nitrogen and other contaminants are removed using plants. While in the Green.
Hab, it is important to always wear gloves, a face shield and a plastic lab bib due to the hazardous nature of the water being processed. It must be carefully monitored, meaning that the state of all the filtering barrel, collecting tanks and temperature must be checked three times a day. It is also monitored to keep a humid, temperature controlled environment. The plants grown in the Greenhab are mostly carrots, radishes, tomatoes, and other vegetables. Some missions have also set up hydroponic gardens that grow plants without soil. The Green. Hab is one of two areas at MDRS where it is forbidden by the Safety Rules to wear and use sim suits, due the impossibility of adequate cleaning should they get contaminated by grey water.
Heinlein Memorial Simulated Pressure Tunnel. This enables crews to move from the HAB to the Green.
Hab and back in a shirt- sleeves environment. In 2. 00. 9, the predecessor Green. Hab was modified to also enable it to function as a greenhouse.
All of the crew members safely evacuated. In the immediate aftermath of the fire, Mars Society indicated that they would rebuild the facility. The telescope is capable of being operated remotely, and is accessible to amateur and professional astronomers via the internet. The observatory's other sponsors include Le Sueur Manufacturing Inc., which provided the Astro- Pier on which the telescope is mounted; Software Bisque, which provided The. Sky software; Vince Lanzetta of East Coast Observatories; Adirondack Video Astronomy; High Point Scientific; Technical Innovations; and the Lehigh Valley Amateur Astronomical Association.
The addition of the Musk Mars Desert Observatory provides research opportunities that were not available before, not only to the crew, but local teachers and students.